听力音频：
L1
讲座
1. What is the lecture mainly about?
Reasons certain musicians lost the financial support of patrons
Why patronage survived in Europe until the nineteenth century
Ways the decline of the European patronage system affected music production
The different kinds of training musicians received inside and outside the patronage system
2. Why did musicians depend on the patronage system more than other types of artists did?
Music had fewer sources of funding than other art forms did
Music was more popular with patrons than other art forms were
Musicians required more training than other types of artists did
Musicians had more expenses than other types of artists did
3. What three signs of increased middle-class participation in music in nineteenth-century Europe does the professor mention? （ 多 选 题 ）
The establishment of music schools
The printing of music magazines
The invention of new types of musical instruments
The purchase of musical instruments for personal use
The success of opera houses
4. Why does the professor mention the composer Mozart
To illustrate one way that the patronage system benefited musicians
To show that it was possible for an eighteenth-century musician to succeed without relying on patronage
To point out an exception to the standard system of musical training in the eighteenth century
To explain why musicians were required to live in a patrons household
5. What does the professor like about the story of the French composer Hector Berlioz?
That Berlioz career helped support his family
That Berlioz made his own choice to become a musician
That Berlioz music changed significantly over the course of his career
That Berlioz refused to compose music according to the tastes of nobility
6. What does the professor imply about the folk elements in Antonin Dvorak’s compositions?
They are evidence that nineteenth-century composers had more control over their work than earlier composers
They are evidence that nineteenth-century composers had more job security than earlier composers.
They occur in many compositions that were requested by wealthy patrons
They occur only in some of Dvorak’s less successful compositions
