听力音频：
L1：
讲座
1. What does the speakers mainly discuss?
Steps involved in improving customer service
Advantages and disadvantages of lean engineering
Reasons that inefficiency is so widespread in the business world
Strategies for increasing efficiency within a company
2. What point does the professor make about the inventory of a company?
Storing inventory is less problematic than storing raw materials.
Inventory should be reduced as much as possible.
Inventory should be stored in warehouses located close to the manufacturing plant. Large companies need more inventory than small ones.
3. What does the professor say about the accounting department he worked with?
The fact that the department’s different groups all worked at the same time was
causing inefficiency.
Value Stream Mapping was not as effective for the department as he had hoped.
The department’s procedures had been designed using an earlier version of Value Stream Mapping.
The department was eventually able to complete its work in less time than before.
4. Why does the professor mention computer software programs for shipping?
To demonstrate how fuel costs can be quickly calculated by accounting departments
To provide an example of products that are easily lost during transport
To point out an innovative way for companies to reduce delivery time
To emphasize how easy it is for companies to track deliveries during transport
5. What point does the professor make when he discusses airplane design?
Each piece of an airplane must be designed with precision.
The fewer pieces an airplane has, the lighter its weight will be.
Using fewer pieces to create a product will result in fewer defects.
Pieces that have several functions take longer to design.
6. Why does the professor say this:
To help the student understand a different idea of quality
To indicate that the student’s question is difficult to answer
To point out a weakness of lean engineering
To find out the student’s definition of quality
