L1：
1. What does the professor mainly discuss?（多选题）
New research techniques used by evolutionary biologists on the Galapagos islands
The results of a research study on evolution in the Galapagos islands
A series of observations that influenced the development of Darwin’s theory of evolution
Arguments that have been raised against the theory of evolution
2. What does the professor say about the thirteen species of Darwin finches?（多选 题）
None of them can fly well.
All of them eat the same fruit.
Their beaks differ noticeably in size of shape.
They can be distinguished from one another by the color of their feathers.
3. According to the professor, what did Darwin believe might be true of the finch species on Galapagos islands?
They are closely related to parrots.
They have been living on the Galapagos islands for millions of years.
They all evolved from a single species from South America.
This size of their populations fluctuates considerably from year to year.
4. What opinion does the professor express regarding the Grants’ research?
It exposed a flaw in Darwin’s methods but did not invalidate his overall theory.
It was as important for its innovative methods as for its actual finding.
It confirmed the findings of researchers working at the same time on other islands.
It was more thorough than any other researchers’ work on Darwin finches.
5. What does the professor say about major environmental events on the Galapagos Islands?
They account for the fact that finches are found on just a few of the islands.
They might explain some of the differences among the finch species found there.
They pose a threat to the size of the finch population there.
They occur less frequently now than they did in the past.
6. What did the Grants’ finding show?
Dissimilar species in the same environment can evolve in similar ways.
Evolutionary changes are sometimes reversible.
The population of Darwin finches was decreasing slightly with each generation. Evolutionary changes can be observed in the short term.
