题目原文：
A fossil skeleton of a dinosaur called Sinosauropteryx, preserved in volcanic ash, was discovered in Liaoning, China, in 1996. Interestingly, the fossil included a pattern of fine lines surrounding the skeletal bones. Some paleontologists interpret the lines as evidence that Sinosauropteryx had feathers. However, critics have opposed the idea that Sinosauropteryx was a feathered dinosaur, citing several reasons.
First, the critics point out that the fine lines may not even represent functional structures of a living dinosaur, but rather structures that were formed after the animal’s death. After the animal died and was buried in volcanic ash, its skin may have decomposed into fibers. The skin fibers then became preserved as lines in the fossil; the lines were misinterpreted as evidence of feathers.
Second, even if the fine lines are remains of real structures of a Sinosauropteryx, scientists cannot tell with certainty what part of the dinosaur’s anatomy the structures were. Many dinosaurs had frills, ornamental fan-shaped structures growing out of some parts of their bodies. Some of the critics argue that the lines surrounding the skeleton are much more likely to be fossilized remains of frills than remains of feathers.
A third objection is based on the fact that the usual functions of feathers are to help animals fly or regulate their internal temperature. However, the structures represented by the lines in the Sinosauropteryx fossil were mostly located along the backbone and the tail of the animal. This would have made the structures quite useless for flight and of very limited use in thermoregulation. This suggests that the lines do not represent feathers.
题目音频：
学术写作：
简化大意：
教授：为了不让公司污染环境，应该给到他们更多惩罚，比如提高税或者罚款。
Andrew: 应该
Claire：不应该，其他方式更好
详细题目回忆：
Doctor Achebe:
Many companies provide important products and services but at the same time cause environmental damage. Some people believe the way to prevent these companies from damaging the environment is for the government to require more penalties from them, such as higher taxes and larger fines. Do you think it is a good idea?
Andrew:
A lot of companies make helpful products but hurt the environment too. I think the government should punish them more, like raising their taxes and fines, to stop the damage. Doing that would hold corporations accountable and force them to change in an impactful way. We can have both innovation and sustainability if governments incentivize it properly through penalties.
Claire:
I disagree that we should penalize corporations more for environmental damage. Many companies are already taking steps to adopt greener practices, and higher taxes or fines could discourage innovation and hurt the economy. Instead of punishing businesses, I believe the government should reward and incentivize sustainable choices through subsidies and tax breaks.
答案请付费后查阅：
