ST_020
听力音频：
综合写作
Water thyme (pronounced “time”) is a freshwater plant that grows on long stems with many leaves. Native to the waters of Europe and Asia, water thyme has been introduced to lakes and ponds in North America by humans, where it grows rapidly and threatens native aquatic plants. Scientists are exploring several methods of controlling populations of invasive water thyme.
Water Drawdowns
One way to control invasive plants is water drawdown, or lowering the water level in a body of water by pumping it out, usually over the winter. When the water level is lower, certain parts of the lake or pond become exposed to the air, which prevents them from producing nutrients. The aquatic plants in these exposed areas die off, and, when the water is returned in the spring, the areas are clear of plants. Scientists believe that drawdowns might eliminate water thyme from parts of lakes and ponds.
Using Machines
Another option is to physically remove water thyme from the infested areas with the help of machines. These plants grow thickly and in large groups, but can be pulled out from the water fairly easily. Specialized machinery designed to remove water weeds, pulled by boats, can even search the bottom of lakes or ponds for water thyme roots and pull them out. This is considered a highly reliable means of removing water thyme from a particular area.
Bio-Control
It may also be possible to use other organisms—such as the grass carp—to control water thyme. Grass carp are freshwater fish that can eat large volumes of aquatic plants, including water thyme. In fact, carp can consume 3 times their weight in a given day. By introducing grass carp into the infested lakes and ponds, scientists might be able to control the population of water thyme. Constant feeding by the carp will reduce the area covered by the plant.
Question:Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific methods proposed in the reading passage.
学术写作：
教授：对于升职来说的话，哪个因素是最重要的？（教授有罗列一些：员工表现、在公司里待的时间长短、在某个领域的经验、还有领导潜能）
Andrew：在公司待的时间长久（资历深浅）
Claire：工作表现
Doctor Diaz: This week, we are going to discuss companies’ policies for promotion. Companies tend to value different things and set different criteria for determining who deserves a promotion. Criteria for promotion may include employees performance and achievements in their current roles, seniority within the company, years of experience in the field, or even leadership potential. In today’s post, I would like you to discuss which criteria for promotion you see as the most important and explain why.
Andrew: I believe seniority should be the most important criterion for promotion. Rewarding employees who have been with the company for a long time shows that the company values loyalty and dedication. Long-term employees often have a deep understanding of the company’s culture and processes, which can be invaluable.
Claire: I think job performance should be the top criterion for promotions. Rewarding employees for their skills and achievements pushes them to excel in their roles. When people see that their hard work and dedication are recognized, they’re motivated to take the next step in their careers.
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