JH_004
综合写作
听力音频：
The Great Pyramid, a 4,500-year-old stone tomb built for an ancient Egyptian king, contains chambers, which were rooms in which the body of the king and ceremonial objects could be placed. In addition to these chambers, the pyramid also contains four shafts narrow tunnels that were created in the solid stone structure as it was being built (see illustration). These shafts rise from two burial chambers and lead toward the outside of the pyramid. The four shafts are too small and placed at too steep an angle for a person to pass through them. The purpose of the shafts in the Great Pyramid is not certain, but archaeologists have several theories.
One theory is that the shafts were used for ventilation to bring fresh air from outside into the pyramid. During its construction, many workers labored inside the pyramid’s interior chambers, and they may have had difficulty breathing, especially because the fires they used to light their work space would have produced smoke. The shafts may have been constructed to make it easier for workers to breathe.
A second theory is that the shafts were deliberately positioned in relation to stars. Scientists studying the pyramid have found that its shafts align with the positions of certain stars in the sky. At certain times in ancient Egyptian history, stars played an important role in religion; specific stars were associated with particular gods. The shafts in the king’s tomb might have been built in alignment with specific stars for religious reasons.
A third theory is that the shafts were intended as passageways to help the king’s spirit enter the afterlife. Ancient Egyptians believed that the king’s spirit would leave his body and travel to the afterlife. The ancient builders may have built the shafts as openings for the king’s spirit to passthrough.
Question:Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific concerns expressed in the reading passage.
学术写作：
Dr. Achebe
This week we are studying how policy for public schools is created and how it may change overtime. One very important topic for educational policy involves what courses should be taught in schools. Many people believe that new forms of communication and new kinds of employment require that new and different kinds of courses be taught. The question I want you to discuss is whether new, innovative subjects should be taught in public schools.
Paul:
I firmly believe that public schools should introduce new courses. For example, people are increasingly communicating through sharing photos and videos on the internet. I think a course on video composition – how to create compelling and effective videos – would be highly valuable for today’s students. There are many other similar topics that students could benefit from as well.
Kelly:
However, I don’t believe that high school curriculums need to change drastically. The primary aim of most high school courses is to prepare students for higher education, and those fundamental requirements haven’t changed. If students want to learn something like composition or film editing, they can watch instructional videos on the internet. They don’t need to take classes in school to learn these things.
